DSpace Collection: Research articles authored by NIIST researchers published in 2019
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3343
Research articles authored by NIIST researchers published in 20192024-03-29T08:55:52ZBio-butanol Production from Rice Straw – Recent Trends, Possibilities, and Challenges
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/4167
Title: Bio-butanol Production from Rice Straw – Recent Trends, Possibilities, and Challenges
Authors: Vivek, N; Nair, L M; Mohan, B; Nair, S C; Sindhu, R; Pandey, A; Shurpali, N; Binod, P
Abstract: Increase in concerns over greenhouse gas emissions and depletion of fossil fuels has led to
the search for alternative strategies of energy. Rice straw mainly composed of cellulose,
hemicelluloses, and lignin, is one of the surpluses available lignocellulosic biomass that can
serve as a potential feedstock for the production of bio-butanol. One of the main challenges in
the conversion of rice straw to bio-butanol is the development of an economically viable and
eco-friendly pretreatment strategy for better hemicellulose and lignin removal as well as the
development of hyper-productive and solvent-tolerant microbial strains for effective
fermentation. This review focuses on the recent trends, challenges, and possibilities in the
production of butanol utilising rice straw.2019-09-01T00:00:00ZSignificant Reduction in the Optical Band-gap and Defect Assisted Magnetic Response in Fe-doped Anatase Tio2 Nanocrystals as Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3616
Title: Significant Reduction in the Optical Band-gap and Defect Assisted Magnetic Response in Fe-doped Anatase Tio2 Nanocrystals as Dilute Magnetic Semiconductors
Authors: V R, Akshay; B, Arun; G, Mandal; A, Chanda; M, Vasundhara
Abstract: Here, we have employed a low-temperature sol-gel route for developing functional semiconducting, Fe-doped anatase TiO2 nanocrystals. Detailed investigation of X-ray powder diffraction patterns confirms the anatase phase in Fe-doped TiO2, which is further verified by Raman analysis. The red shift and broadening associated with the E-g (1) mode in the Raman spectra reveal the substitution of Fe in place of Ti in TiO2. Selected area diffraction patterns obtained from transmission electron microscopy analysis indicate the crystalline nature of the sol-gel derived nanocrystals. A clear red shift is observed in the UV-visible spectra, which indicates the lowering of the band-gap as a result of Fe incorporation into the TiO2 lattice. The photoluminescence spectra give a clear idea regarding the defects associated with the system and the presence of Fe2+ and Fe3+ in Fe-doped TiO2 samples is confirmed from X-ray photoelectron spectra, leading to oxygen vacancy defects and bound magnetic polarons, which tailor the magnetic behavior in Fe-doped TiO2 at room temperature. The M-H measurements reveal that the magnetization increases with the Fe concentration and the variation of these magnetic properties is explained on the basis of the concept of bound magnetic polarons, which are in corroboration with the photoluminescence studies. Hence, the study on Fe-doped TiO2 nanocrystals could provide a new pathway in the field of spintronics and magneto optics by tuning the optical and magnetic properties through appropriate doping to accomplish these functional applications.2019-03-12T00:00:00ZRoom-Temperature Ferromagnetic Sr3YCo4O10+delta and Carbon Black-Reinforced Polyvinylidenefluoride Composites toward High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3615
Title: Room-Temperature Ferromagnetic Sr3YCo4O10+delta and Carbon Black-Reinforced Polyvinylidenefluoride Composites toward High-Performance Electromagnetic Interference Shielding
Authors: V, Lalan; A P, Narayanan; K P, Surendran; S, Ganesanpotti
Abstract: In this study, we fabricated composites of conducting carbon black (CB), room-temperature ferromagnetic Sr3YCo4O10+delta (SYCO) and polyvinylidenefluoride (PVDF) by the solution mixing and coagulation method for the first time. During the nucleation process of PVDF, the presence of SYCO and CB individually facilitates the crystallization of polar beta and semipolar gamma phases along with the nonpolar alpha phase in PVDF. The dc electrical conductivity of PVDF raised from 1.54 x 10(-8) to 9.97 S/m with the addition of 30 wt % of CB, and it is nearly constant with respect to the SYCO content. The PVDF/CB/SYCO composites (PCS) possess high permittivity and its variation is in accordance with the content of polar phases in PVDF. Moreover, the complex permittivity and permeability spectra from 10 MHz to 1 GHz indicate that the dielectric loss dictates over magnetic loss in these composites. The electromagnetic interference shielding effectiveness (EMI SE) of PCS composites is higher than that of PVDF/CB and PVDF/SYCO composites in the 8.2-18 GHz region. Addition of SYCO in the PVDF/CB matrix enhances shielding by dominated absorption with minimal reflection. The analysis of the shielding mechanism suggests that in addition to conducting and magnetic losses due to CB and SYCO, respectively, the synergy among CB, SYCO, and PVDF promotes shielding by matching the input impedance to that of free space, enhancing multiple internal reflections from SYCO and subsequent absorption by CB, eddy current losses, dielectric damping losses, interfacial polarization losses, and so forth. These different mechanisms result in an enhanced EMI SE of 50.2 dB for the PCS-40 composite for a thickness of 2.5 mm.2019-05-06T00:00:00ZShort Chain Fatty Acids Enriched Fermentation Metabolites of Soluble Dietary Fibre from Musa Paradisiaca Drives Ht29 Colon Cancer Cells to Apoptosis
http://localhost:8080/xmlui/handle/123456789/3614
Title: Short Chain Fatty Acids Enriched Fermentation Metabolites of Soluble Dietary Fibre from Musa Paradisiaca Drives Ht29 Colon Cancer Cells to Apoptosis
Authors: K B, Arun; A, Madhavan; T R, Reshmitha; S, Thomas; P, Nisha
Abstract: In this study, the prebiotic potential of soluble dietary fibre extracted from plantain inflorescence (PIF) was investigated. PIF demonstrated prebiotic potential by enhancing the growth of the probiotics under study and thereby hindered colon cancer development. The soluble dietary fibre from Musa paradisiaca inflorescence (PIF) was fermented using Lactobacillus casei and Bifidobacterium bifidum. The fermentation supernatants (LS and BS) were enriched with short chain fatty acids (SCFA) and were able to initiate apoptotic signalling in HT29 colon cancer cells leading to cell death. Both BS and LS exhibited cytotoxic effect; induced DNA damage and enhanced generation of reactive oxygen species in HT29 cells leading to apoptosis. The induction of apoptosis was facilitated by the reduction of membrane potential of mitochondria and ATP synthesis; enhanced delivery of cytochrome c and interference with the expression of pro/antiapoptotic proteins. BS, which exhibited better activity, was further analysed for the identification of differentially regulated proteins by performing two dimensional electrophoresis and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. Results emphasized on the fact that, the exposure to BSalteredthe HT29 proteins expression, particularly the upregulation of apoptosis- inducing factor-AIFM1 leading to apoptosis of HT29 cells.2019-05-16T00:00:00Z