[40]π Fused and Nonfused Core-Modified Nonaphyrins: Syntheses and Structural Diversity

Abstract

The synthesis of fused and nonfused core-modified 40π nonaphyrins are reported. Spectroscopic and X-ray structural studies reveal a twisted figure-eight conformation in the freebase form that is nonaromatic. Structural changes occur, from figure-eight to open extended conformation, upon protonation, thereby adopting 4nπ Hückel antiaromatic character, which is reflected in spectroscopic and theoretical studies. Such a structural change also induces ring inversions of specific heterocyclic rings by 180°.