Biochar Preparation and Evaluation of its Effect in Composting Mechanism: A Review

Abstract

This article provides an overview of biochar application for organic waste co-composting and its biochemical transformation mechanism. As a composting amendment, biochar work in the adsorption of nutrients, the retention of oxygen and water, and the promotion of electron transfer. These functions serve the micro-organisms (physical support of niche) and determine changes in community structure beyond the succession of composing primary microorganisms. Biochar mediates resistance genes, mobile gene elements, and biochemical metabolic activities of organic matter degrading. The participation of biochar enriched the α-diversity of microbial communities at all stages of composting, and ultimately reflects the high γ-diversity. Finally, easy and convincing biochar preparation methods and characteristic need to be explored, in turn, the mechanism of biochar on composting microbes at the microscopic level can be studied in depth.